小岭隧道通风斜井位于杭新京高速公路衢州境内。 斜井内轮廓宽7.5米，高4.7米，倾角25度，坡度46%。 其中：1号斜井长487.630米，斜断面长373.5米，水平风道长113.850米； 2号斜井长525.620米，斜段长373.5米，水平风道段长151.860米。 斜井施工过程中矿渣的输出和输送的物料主要由提升系统完成。 因此，起重系统的安全运行是整个工作区安全生产的前提。 钢丝绳作为起重系统的重要组成部分，是保证起重系统安全可靠运行的最重要组成部分。
在金属和非金属矿山行业，传统的钢丝绳检验方法通常是肉眼观察结合游标卡尺测量绳索翘曲，从而确定断丝总数、单股断丝数和 钢丝绳的直径减小。 这种方法只能直观地看到。 在外断丝、腐蚀、磨损和缩径方面，无法对钢丝绳的内断丝、腐蚀和缺陷做出准确判断，也无法掌握钢丝绳的使用寿命。 因此，人工巡检是一种人力物力的浪费，不能保证钢丝绳的安全运行。 为了更准确地判断钢丝绳的性能，在小岭隧道斜井引入了钢丝绳探伤仪，实现了用科学仪器代替人工钢丝绳检测，保障了安全运行和生产。 的起重系统。
钢丝绳探伤仪工作原理
钢丝绳探伤仪系统采用国内外最新的钢丝绳无损检测技术，结合现代计算机、通讯和网络技术，成为钢丝绳无损检测仪器。 系统采用GB/T21837-2008《铁磁钢丝绳电磁检测方法》规定的永磁和漏磁仪器检测原理，符合GB/T226832-2011《无损检测仪器技术条件》的要求 钢丝绳电磁探测器”规定了测试结果和实验方法。 传感硬件采用高磁积能量稀土钕铁硼永磁体进行圆形排列。 当钢丝绳轴向通过时，可瞬间将钢丝绳轴向磁化，达到饱和状态； 同时，采用霍尔元件阵列分布在磁性元件中，当钢丝绳局部损坏（断丝、跳丝、变形等不连续缺陷）时，金属发生变化 横截面积（连续缺陷、磨损、腐蚀等） 传播到空间的信号被收集起来，输出信号由霍尔元件感应。 经高性能微处理器进行模数转换后，将压缩后的数字信号输入计算机。 通过GNDT专用钢丝绳探伤仪系统软件进行实时解压处理。 采用定性、定量、定位值显示钢丝绳内外断丝、腐蚀、磨损、金属截面积变化，并给出钢丝绳安全性和使用寿命的评估报告 符合现行标准，如图 1 所示。
案例分析
小岭隧道斜井提升系统采用6*19S FC-30钢丝绳，钢丝绳检测长度320米，钢丝绳以1m/s的相对速度运行，如图2所示。曲线1 为检测信号（LF），主要用于检测钢丝绳的局部损伤； 曲线2为检测信号（LMA），主要用于观察钢丝绳截面积的变化。
检测曲线平直而平缓。 根据波形判断钢丝绳没有局部损伤，说明钢丝绳没有断裂。
当检测曲线达到270米左右时，曲线偏离中心零线很多，出现一条红线，说明这里失去了钢丝绳的截面积。 从测试报告图5可以看出金属截面积（LMA）达到0.75%—0.99%
根据检测结果，斜井作业区立即对整条钢丝绳进行人工检查。 发现钢丝绳截面积从270米减少到320米，钢丝绳截面积损失0.99%。 根据使用要求[3]，斜井工作区立即调整起升系统的地滚，并对钢丝绳进行保养，防止钢丝绳加剧磨损。
钢丝绳作为起重系统的重要组成部分，对整个起重系统的安全至关重要。 引入钢丝绳探伤仪后，钢丝绳检测大大提高了检测效率，科学全面掌握了钢丝绳的破损情况，为斜井安全生产提供了可靠的科学指导，有效避免了 钢丝绳在使用过程中的损坏。 由此产生的事故保障了斜井的安全生产。 虽然本文只介绍了钢丝绳磨损试验机在斜井施工起重系统中的应用，但对于起重机、龙门吊、架桥机等常用起重设备等起重系统中钢丝绳的安全检测具有实用性。 在高速公路建设中。 引导作用。 在实际应用中，只需在购买钢丝绳磨损试验机时选择相应的设备型号，即可进行相关的安全测试。
英斯特力仪器是一家集研发、生产及销售于一体的 影像测量仪，拉力试验机, 硬度计 ,探伤仪, 粗糙度仪, 测厚仪, 金相设备厂家, 致力于为客户提供更好的检测仪器。
The inclined shaft of Xiaoling tunnel is located in Quzhou of Hangzhou-Xinjing Expressway. The incline profile is 7.5 meters wide, 4.7 meters high, 25 degrees inclination, and 46% slope. The length of the No. 1 inclined well is 487.630 meters, the length of the oblique section is 373.5 meters, and the length of the horizontal wind channel is 113.850 meters. No. 2 inclined shaft is 525.620 meters long, the inclined section is 373.5 meters long, and the horizontal air duct section is 151.860 meters long. In the process of inclined shaft construction, slag output and conveying materials are mainly completed by lifting system. Therefore, the safe operation of the lifting system is the premise of safe production of the whole work area. As an important part of lifting system, wire rope is the most important part to ensure the safe and reliable operation of lifting system.
In metal and non-metal mining industry, the traditional method of wire rope inspection is usually naked eye observation combined with vernier calipers to measure the warping of the rope, so as to determine the total number of broken wire, the number of broken wire in a single strand and the diameter of the wire rope reduction. This method can only be seen visually. In terms of external wire breaking, corrosion, wear and reduction, it is impossible to accurately judge the internal wire breaking, corrosion and defects of the wire rope, and it is also impossible to grasp the service life of the wire rope. Therefore, manual inspection is a waste of manpower and material resources, which can not guarantee the safe operation of wire rope. In ORDER TO JUDGE THE PERFORMANCE OF STEEL WIRE ROPE MORE ACCURATELY, A STEEL WIRE ROPE FLAW DETECTOR IS INTRODUCED IN THE INCLINED SHAFT OF XiaOLING TUNNEL, WHICH REALIZES THE replacement OF ARTIFICIAL STEEL WIRE rope detection with SCIENTIFIC instruments and ensures the SAFE operation and production. Of the lifting system.
Working principle of wire rope flaw detector
Wire ROPE FLAW detector system adopts THE latest wire rope NONdestructive testing technology at home and abroad, combined with modern computer, communication and network technology, become wire rope nondestructive testing instrument. The system uses GB/T21837-2008 "ferromagnetic wire rope electromagnetic Testing Method" stipulated permanent magnet and magnetic leakage instrument testing principle, in line with GB/T226832-2011 "Non-destructive testing instrument Technical conditions" requirements of wire rope electromagnetic detector "stipulated test results and experimental methods. The sensing hardware adopts the high magnetic energy Ndfeb permanent magnet for circular arrangement. When the steel wire rope passes axially, the steel wire rope can be magnetized axially instantly to reach saturation state; At the same time, the Hall element array is used to distribute in the magnetic element. When the wire rope is damaged locally (such as wire breaking, wire jumping, deformation and other discontinuous defects), the signal of metal cross-sectional area (continuous defects, wear, corrosion, etc.) propagating to space is collected, and the output signal is induced by the Hall element. After analog-to-digital conversion by high performance microprocessor, the compressed digital signal is input to computer. GNDT special wire rope flaw detector system software for real-time decompression processing. The qualitative, quantitative and positioning values are used to show the changes of wire breakage, corrosion, wear and metal cross-sectional area inside and outside the wire rope, and the evaluation report on the safety and service life of the wire rope is given to meet the current standards, as shown in Figure 1.
Case analysis
6*19S fc-30 steel wire rope is used in the inclined shaft lifting system of xiaoling tunnel. The detection length of the steel wire rope is 320 meters, and the steel wire rope runs at a relative speed of 1m/s, as shown in figure 2. Curve 1 is the detection signal (LF), which is mainly used to detect the local damage of wire rope. Curve 2 is the detection signal (LMA), which is mainly used to observe the change of the cross-sectional area of the wire rope.
The detection curve is flat and gentle. According to the waveform, there is no local damage to the wire rope, indicating that the wire rope is not broken.
When the detection curve reaches about 270 meters, the curve deviates from the center zero line a lot, and a red line appears, indicating that the cross-sectional area of the wire rope is lost here. It can be seen from Figure 5 of the test report that the metal cross-sectional area (LMA) reaches 0.75% -- 0.99%
Based on the test results, the entire wire rope was immediately checked manually in the inclined well operation area. It was found that the cross-sectional area of the wire rope decreased from 270 meters to 320 meters, and the cross-sectional area of the wire rope lost 0.99%. According to the application requirements [3], the ground roll of the lifting system should be adjusted immediately in the inclined shaft working area, and the steel wire rope should be maintained to prevent the steel wire rope from aggravating wear.
As an important part of lifting system, wire rope is very important to the safety of the whole lifting system. After THE INTRODUCTION OF THE WIRE ROPE FLAW DETECTOR, THE WIRE ROPE detection greatly IMPROVES the detection efficiency, scientifically and comprehensively grasp the damage of the wire rope, provides reliable scientific guidance for the safety production of inclined shaft, and effectively avoids the damage of the wire rope in the process of use. The resulting accident ensures the safety of inclined shaft production. Although this paper only introduces the application of wire rope wear testing machine in crane system of inclined shaft construction, it is practical for the safety detection of wire rope in crane system, such as crane, gantry crane, bridge machine and other commonly used lifting equipment. In the construction of the expressway. Lead the way. In practical application, only in the purchase of wire rope wear testing machine to select the corresponding equipment model, can be related to the safety test.
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